Jogos a Dinheiro – Rede de Responsabilidade Social

Parenting approaches, family functionality, and internet addiction among Hong Kong adolescents

Título: Parenting approaches, family functionality, and internet addiction among Hong Kong adolescents
Autores: Cynthia Sau Ting Wu, Ho Ting Wong, Kin Fai Yu, Ka Wing Fok, Sheung Man Yeung, Cheuk Ho Lam, Ka Man Liu
Ano: 2016

Abstract

Background

Internet addiction (IA) among adolescents has become a global health problem, and public awareness of it is increasing. Many IA risk factors relate to parents and the family environment. This study examined the relationship between IA and parenting approaches and family functionality.

Methods

A cross-sectional study was conducted with 2021 secondary students to identify the prevalence of IA and to explore the association between adolescent IA and familial variables, including parents’ marital status, family income, family conflict, family functionality, and parenting approaches.

Results

The results revealed that 25.3 % of the adolescent respondents exhibited IA, and logistic regression positively predicted the IA of adolescents from divorced families, low-income families, families in which family conflict existed, and severely dysfunctional families. Interestingly, adolescents with restricted Internet use were almost 1.9 times more likely to have IA than those whose use was not restricted.

References

  1. 1.
    Census and Statistics Department HKSAR. Science and technology. In: Hong Kong in Figs. 2013 Edition. Hong Kong: Census and Statistics Department HKSAR; 2013.Google Scholar
  2. 2.
    Lee S, Chae Y. Children‘s internet use in a family context: Influence on family relationships and parental mediation. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2007;10:640–4.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  3. 3.
    Valcke M, Bonte S, De Wever B, Rots I. Internet parenting styles and the impact on internet use of primary school children. Comput Educ. 2010;55:454–64.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  4. 4.
    Van den Eijnden RJ, Meerkerk GJ, Vermulst AA, Spijkerman R, Engels RC. Online communication, compulsive Internet use, and psychosocial well-being among adolescents: a longitudinal study. Dev Psychol. 2008;44:655–65.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  5. 5.
    Clark DJ, Frith KH, Demi AS. The physical, behavioral, and psychosocial consequences of internet use in college students. Comput Inform Nurs. 2004;22:153–61.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  6. 6.
    Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Louizou A, Janikian M, Freskou A, Marangou E, et al. Determinants of internet addiction among adolescents: A case–control Study. ScientificWorldJournal. 2011;11:866–74.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  7. 7.
    Park SK, Kim JY, Cho CB. Prevalence of internet addiction and correlations with family factors among South Korean adolescents. Adolescence. 2008;43:895–909.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  8. 8.
    Milani L, Osualdella D, Di Blasio P. Quality of interpersonal relationships and problematic internet use in adolescence. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009;12:681–4.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  9. 9.
    Lam LT, Peng ZW, Mai JC, Jing J. Factors associated with internet addiction among adolescents. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009;12:551–5.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  10. 10.
    Ko CH, Yen JY, Liu SC, Huang CF, Yen CF. The associations between aggressive behaviors and internet addiction and online activities in adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2009;44:598–605.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  11. 11.
    Fu K, Chan WSC, Wong PWC, Yip PSF. Internet addiction: Prevalence, discriminant validity and correlates among adolescents in Hong Kong. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;196:486–92.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  12. 12.
    Shek DT, Tang VMY, Lo CY. Internet addiction in Chinese adolescents in Hong Kong: Assessment, profiles, and psychosocial correlates. ScientificWorldJournal. 2008;8:776–87.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  13. 13.
    Miller P, Plant M. Parental guidance about drinking: Relationship with teenage psychoactive substance use. J Adolesc. 2010;33:55–68.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  14. 14.
    Austin EW, Chen JC, Grube JW. How does alcohol advertising influence underage drinking? The role of desirability, identification and skepticism. J Adolesc Health. 2006;38:376–84.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  15. 15.
    Lin CH, Lin SL, Wu CP. The effects of parental monitoring and leisure boredom on adolescents’ internet addiction. Adolescence. 2009;44:993–1004.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  16. 16.
    Leung L, Lee SN. The influences of information literacy, internet addiction and parenting styles on internet risks. New Media Soc. 2011;8:1–21.Google Scholar
  17. 17.
    Shaffer HJ. Understanding the means and objects of addiction: Technology, the Internet and gambling. J Gambl Stud. 1996;12:461–9.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  18. 18.
    Griffiths MD. Internet addiction: Does it really exist? In: Gackenbach J, editor. Psychologyand the Internet. New York: Academic; 1998. p. 61–75.Google Scholar
  19. 19.
    Lemon J. Can we call behaviors addictive? Clinical Psychologist. 2002;6:44–9.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  20. 20.
    Byun S, Ruffini C, Mills JE, Douglas AC, Niang M, Stepchenkova S, et al. Internet addiction: Metasynthesis of 1996–2006 quantitative research. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009;12:203–7.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  21. 21.
    The Center for Internet Addiction Recovery. What is internet addiction Disorder? 2013. netaddiction.com/faqs/ Accessed 23 June 2015.Google Scholar
  22. 22.
    Young KS. Internet Addiction: A new clinical phenomenon and its consequences. Am Behav Sci. 2004;48:402–15.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  23. 23.
    Young KS. Caught in the net. New Work: Wiley; 1998.Google Scholar
  24. 24.
    Huang RL, Lu Z, Liu JJ, You YM, Pan ZQ, Wei Z, et al. Features and predictors of problematic internet use in Chinese college students. Behav Inf Technol. 2009;28:485–90.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  25. 25.
    Yen CF, Ko CH, Yen JY, Chang YP, Cheng CP. Multi-dimensional discriminative factors for internet addiction among adolescents regarding gender and age. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2009;63:357–64.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  26. 26.
    Petry NM, Rehbein F, Gentile DA, Lemmens JS, Rumpf HJ, Mößle T, Bischof G, Tao R, Fung DS, Borges G, Auriacombe M, González Ibáñez A, Tam P, O’Brien CP. An international consensus for assessing internet gaming disorder using the new DSM-5 approach. Addiction. 2014;109:1399–406.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  27. 27.
    Barker JC, Hunt G. Representations of family: A review of the alcohol and drug literature. Int J Drug Policy. 2004;15:347–56.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  28. 28.
    Emery RE, Waldron M, Kitzmann KM, Aaron J. Delinquent behavior, future divorce or nonmarital childbearing, and externalizing behavior among offspring: A 14-year prospective study. J Fam Psychol. 1999;13:568–79.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  29. 29.
    Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CC, Chen SH, Ko CH. Family factors of internet addiction and substance use experience in Taiwanese adolescents. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2007;10:323–9.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  30. 30.
    Niaz U, Siddiqui SS, Hassan S, Husain H, Ahmed S, Akhter R. A survey of psychosocial correlates of drug abuse in young adults aged 16–21, in Karachi: Identify “high risk” population to target intervention strategies. Pak J Med Sci. 2005;21:271–7.Google Scholar
  31. 31.
    Patterson GR, Stouthamer-loeber M. The correlation of family management practices and delinquency. Child Dev. 1984;55:1299–307.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  32. 32.
    Xiong ZB. Southeast Asian adolescents’ perceptions of immigrant parenting practices. Hmong Stud J. 2004;5:1–20.Google Scholar
  33. 33.
    Yadav MS, Nikalje VM. Comparison of high and low efficient schools in terms of school, pupil and home-related variables. J Indian Educ. 2006;32:5–21.Google Scholar
  34. 34.
    Vandermaas-Peeler M, Way E, Umpleby J. Parental guidance in a cooking activity with preschoolers. J Appl Dev Psychol. 2003;24:75–89.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  35. 35.
    Bybee C, Robinson D, Turow J. Determinants of parental guidance of children’s television viewing for a special subgroup: Mass media scholars. J Broadcast. 1982;26:697–710.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  36. 36.
    Van den Bulck J, Van den Bergh B. The influence of perceived parental guidance patterns on children’s media use: Gender differences and media displacement. J Broadcast Electron Media. 2000;44:329–48.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  37. 37.
    Smilkstein G. The family APGAR: A proposal for a family functioning test and its use by physicians. J Fam Pract. 1978;6:1231–9.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  38. 38.
    Chau TT, Hsiao TM, Huang CT, Liu HW. A preliminary study of Family APGAR Index in the Chinese. Kaohsiung J Med Sci. 1991;7:27–31.Google Scholar
  39. 39.
    Ko CH, Yen JY, Yen CF, Chen CS, Weng CC, Chen CC. The association between internet addiction and problematic alcohol use in adolescents: The problem behavior model. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2008;11:571–6.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  40. 40.
    Yen JY, Ko CH, Yen CF, Wu HY, Yang MJ. The comorbid psychiatric symptoms of internet addiction: attention deficit and hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), depression, social phobia, and hostility. J Adolesc Health. 2007;41:93–8.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  41. 41.
    Widyanto L, McMurran M. The psychometric properties of the internet addiction test. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2004;7:443–50.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  42. 42.
    Yoo HJ, Cho SC, Ha J, Yune SK, Kim SJ, Hwang J, et al. Attention deficit hyperactivity symptoms and internet addiction. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2004;58:487–94.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  43. 43.
    Khazaal Y, Billieux J, Thorens G, Khan R, Louati Y, Scarlatti E, et al. French validation of the Internet Addiction Test. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2008;11:703–6.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  44. 44.
    Gardner W, Nutting PA, Kelleher KJ, Werner JJ, Farley T, Stewart L, et al. Does the family APGAR effectively measure family functioning? J Fam Pract. 2001;50:19–25.PubMedGoogle Scholar
  45. 45.
    Tsitsika A, Critselis E, Kormas G, Filippopoulou A, Tounissidou D, Freskou A, et al. Internet use and misuse: a multivariate regression analysis of the predictive factors of internet use among Greek adolescents. Eur J Pediatr. 2009;168:655–65.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  46. 46.
    Ko CH, Yen JY, Chen CC, Chen SH, Yen CF. Gender differences and related factors affecting online gaming addiction among Taiwanese adolescents. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2005;193:273–7.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  47. 47.
    Chou C, Condron L, Belland JC. A review of the research on internet addiction. Educ Psychol Rev. 2005;17:1–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  48. 48.
    Shek DT, Yu L. Adolescent Internet Addiction in Hong Kong: Prevalence, Change, and Correlates. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol. 2016;29(1 Suppl):S22–30.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  49. 49.
    Ni X, Yan H, Chen S, Liu Z. Factors influencing internet addiction in a sample of freshmen university students in China. Cyberpsychol Behav. 2009;12:327–30.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  50. 50.
    Smahel D, Brown BB, Blinka L. Associations between online friendship and internet addiction among adolescents and emerging adults. Dev Psychol. 2012;48:381–8.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  51. 51.
    Yang SC, Tung CJ. Comparison of Internet addicts and non-addicts in Taiwanese high school. Comput Hum Behav. 2007;23:79–96.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  52. 52.
    Ary DV, Duncan TE, Biglan A, Metzler CW, Noell JW, Smolkowski K. Development of adolescent problem behavior. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 1999;27:141–50.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  53. 53.
    Wright JP, Cullen FT. Parental efficacy and delinquent behavior: Do control and support matter? Criminology. 2001;39:677–704.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  54. 54.
    Davis RA. A cognitive-behavioral model of pathological Internet use. Comput Hum Behav. 2001;17:187–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  55. 55.
    Kim J, Haridakis PM. The role of Internet user characteristics and motives in explaining three dimensions of Internet addiction. J Comput-Mediat Commun. 2009;14:988–1015.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  56. 56.
    OReilly M. Internet addiction: a new disorder enters the medical lexicon. Can Med Assoc J. 1996;154:1882–3.Google Scholar
  57. 57.
    Van der Vorst H, Engels RC, Meeus W, Dekovic M, Van Leeuwe J. The role of alcohol-specific socialization in adolescents’ drinking behavior. Addiction. 2005;100:1464–76.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  58. 58.
    Van Zundert RM, Van der Vorst H, Vermulast AA, Engels RC. Pathways to alcohol use among Dutch students in regular and education for adolescents with behavioral problems: the role of parental alcohol use, general parenting practices, and alcohol-specific parenting practices. J Fam Psychol. 2006;20:456–67.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  59. 59.
    Spijkerman R, Van den Eijnden RJ, Huiberts A. Social economical differences in alcohol-specific parenting practices and adolescents’ drinking patterns. Eur Addiction Res. 2008;14:26–37.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  60. 60.
    Van den Eijnden RJ, Spijkerman R, Vermulst AA, Van Rooij TJ, Engels RC. Compulsive internet use among adolescents: bidirectional parent–child relationships. J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2009;38:77–89.CrossRefPubMedCentralGoogle Scholar
  61. 61.
    Kandell JJ. Internet addiction on campus: the vulnerability of college students. Cyberpsychol Behav. 1998;1:11–7.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
  62. 62.
    Floros G, Siomos K. The relationship between optimal parenting, Internet addiction and motives for social networking in adolescence. Psychiatry Res. 2013;209:529–34.CrossRefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  63. 63.
    Tafa M, Baiocco R. Addictive behavior and family functioning during adolescent. Am J Fam Ther. 2009;37:388–95.CrossRefGoogle Scholar

Fonte: Springer
 
VISITE OS NOSSOS SÍTIOScurved_arrow-512
REDE DE RESPONSABILIDADE SOCIAL 
Rede de Responsabilidade Social (RRS)

Related Posts

Leave A Response