Jogos a Dinheiro – Rede de Responsabilidade Social

A developmental perspective of gambling behavior in children and adolescents

Título: A developmental perspective of gambling behavior in children and adolescents
Autores: Jeffrey L. Derevensky Ph.D., Rina Gupta M.A., Giuseppe Della Cioppa B.A.
Data: 1997


Abstract

Although it has been determined that gambling is a popular activity amongst the young, there seems to be a lack of studies examining developmental differences in children’s gambling behavior. This study examines developmental differences in children’s blackjack gambling behavior. One hundred and four students (51 males; 53 females) from grades 4, 6, and 8 completed a questionnaire examining their gambling behavior in general and individually played a computerized blackjack game with the following data being recorded: percentage of accuracy, amounts of money bet, gross winnings, percentage of wins, number of hands played, and end balance. Findings revealed few developmental differences in prevalence and frequency of gambling behavior and performance on a blackjack task. Males were found to wager greater amounts of money and have larger gross winnings than females on the blackjack task. Furthermore, males were more likely to view gambling as involving both large amounts of skill and luck, thus suggesting an illusion of control for gambling activities. The results are discussed from a cognitive developmental perspective.
 

References

  1. American Psychiatric Association (1980).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd edition revised). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
  2. American Psychiatric Association (1987).Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (3rd edition revised). Washington, DC: APA.Google Scholar
  3. Anderson, G. & Brown, R.I.F., (1984). Real and laboratory gambling, sensation seeking and arousal.British journal of Psychology, 75, 401–410.Google Scholar
  4. Arcuri, A.F., Lester, D. & Smith, F.O. (1985). Shaping adolescent gambling behavior.Adolescence, 20, 935–938.Google Scholar
  5. Custer, R.L. (1982). An overview of compulsive gambling. In P. Carone, S. Yoles, S. Keiffer and L. Krinsky (Eds).,Addictive disorders update (pp. 107–124). New York: Human Sciences Press.Google Scholar
  6. Dell, L.J., Ruzicka, M.F. & Palisi, A.T. (1981). Personality and other factors associated with the gambling addiction.International Journal of the Addictions, 16, 149–156.Google Scholar
  7. Dickerson, M. (1993). Internal and external determinants of persistent gambling: Problems in generalizing from one form of gambling to another.Journal of Gambling Studies, 3, 225–245.Google Scholar
  8. Elkind, D. (1981).Children and adolescents: Interpretive essays on jean Piaget (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
  9. Fisher, S. (1992). Measuring pathological gambling in children: The case of fruit machines in the U.K.Journal of Gambling Studies, 8, 263–285.Google Scholar
  10. Fisher, S. (1993). The pull of the fruit machine: A sociological typology of young players.The Sociological Review, 41, 446–474.Google Scholar
  11. Granger, D. (1991).Blackjack. Version 2.20D. New Jersey: Glencoe Publishing.Google Scholar
  12. Griffiths, M.D. (1989). Gambling in children and adolescents.Journal of Gambling Behavior, 5, 66–83.Google Scholar
  13. Griffiths, M.D. (1990). The acquisition, development, and maintenance of fruit machine gambling in adolescents.Journal of Gambling Studies, 6, 193–204.Google Scholar
  14. Griffiths, M.D. (1994). The role of cognitive bias and skill in fruit machine gambling.British Journal of Psychology, 85, 351–369.Google Scholar
  15. Gupta, R., Derevensky, J.L. & Della Cioppa, G. (1994). The relationship between gambling and video game playing behavior in children. Paper presented at the Ninth International Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking, Las Vegas.Google Scholar
  16. Huxley, J. & Carroll, D. (1992). A survey of fruit machine gambling in adolescents.Journal of Gambling Studies, 8, 167–179.Google Scholar
  17. Ide-Smith, S. & Lea, S.E.G. (1988). Gambling in young adolescents.Journal of Gambling Behavior, 4, 110–119.Google Scholar
  18. Jacobs, D.F. (1989). Illegal and undocumented: A review of teenage gambling and the plight of children of problem gamblers in America. In H.J. Shaffer, S.A. Stein, & B. Gambino (Eds.),Compulsive gambling: Theory, research, and practice, (pp. 35–64). Toronto: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
  19. Kass, N. (1964). Risk in decision making as a function of age, sex, and probability preference.Child Development, 35, 577–582.Google Scholar
  20. Kopfstein, D. (1973). Risk-taking behavior and cognitive style.Child Development, 44, 190–192.Google Scholar
  21. Kusyszyn, I. (1972). The gambling addict vs. the gambling professional.International Journal of the Addictions, 7, 387–393.Google Scholar
  22. Ladouceur, R., & Dubé, D. (1994). Gambling among primary school students in the Quebec Metropolitan area.Journal of Gambling Studies, 10, 363–370.Google Scholar
  23. Ladouceur, R., Dubé, D. & Bujold, A. (1994). Prevalence of pathological gamblers and related problems among college students in the Quebec metropolitan area.Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 39, 289–293.Google Scholar
  24. Ladouceur, R. & Mireault, (1988). Gambling behaviors among high school students in the Quebec area.Journal of Gambling Behavior, 4, 3–12.Google Scholar
  25. Lesieur, H.R. & Klein, R. (1987). Pathological gambling among high school students.Addictive Behaviors, 12, 129–135.Google Scholar
  26. Lesieur, H.R. & Rosenthal, R.J. (1991). Pathological gambling: A review of the literature (Prepared for the American Psychiatric Association Task Force on DSM-IV Committee on Disorders of Impulse Control not elsewhere classified).Journal of Gambling Studies, 7, 5–39.Google Scholar
  27. Lesieur, H.R. & Rothschild, J. (1989). Children of Gamblers Anonymous members.Journal of Gambling Behavior, 5, 269–281.Google Scholar
  28. Livingston, J. (1974).Compulsive gamblers: Observations on action and abstinence. New York: Harper and Row.Google Scholar
  29. Lorenz, V.C. & Shuttlesworth, D.E. (1983). The impact of pathological gambling on the spouse of the gambler.Journal of Community Psychology, 11, 67–76.Google Scholar
  30. Opie, I., & Opie, P. (1969).Children’s games in the street and playground. Oxford: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
  31. Piaget, J. (1950).The psychology of intelligence. London: Routledge & Kegan Paul.Google Scholar
  32. Piaget, J. (1953). How children form mathematical concepts.Scientific American, 189, 74–79.Google Scholar
  33. Rosenstein, J. & Reutter, R. (1980). Gambling: An adolescent activity.Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 1, 180.Google Scholar
  34. Slovic, P. (1966). Risk-taking in children: Age and sex differences.Child Development, 37, 169–176.Google Scholar
  35. Stein, S.A. (1989). A developmental approach to understanding compulsive gambling behavior. In H.J. Shaffer, S.A. Stein, & B. Gambino (Eds.),Compulsive gambling: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 65–88). Toronto: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
  36. Volberg, R.A. & Steadman, H.J. (1988). Refining prevalence estimates of pathological gambling.American Journal of Psychiatry, 145, 502–505.Google Scholar
  37. Volberg, R.A. & Steadman, H.J. (1989a). Prevalence estimates of pathological gambling in New Jersey and Maryland.American Journal of Psychiatry, 146, 1618–1619.Google Scholar
  38. Volberg, R.A. & Steadman, H.J. (1989b). Policy implications of prevalence estimates of pathological gambling. In H.J. Shaffer, S.A. Stein, & B. Gambino (Eds.),Compulsive gambling: Theory, research, and practice (pp. 163–186). Toronto: Lexington Books.Google Scholar
  39. Wagenaar, W. (1988).Paradoxes of gambling behaviour. London: Erlbaum.Google Scholar

 

Fonte: Springer
Rede de Responsabilidade Social
      

Related Posts

Leave A Response